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The chemistry behind photos

Chemistry and photos 



   

“It is not only art; it is science. Yes, it is old but antique.” 

Behind the taken photos are chemistry and physics. It is about photosensitivity and light reactions; the point to be started with is the camera itself. Absorption of photons and organic, and acid and base principles are topics to be discussed. Photographic papers are made of silver salts, which are the most photosensitive compounds, usually grains of silver halides, with a gelatin emulsion. With the presence of light, these grains start reacting create a latent image. Bromine is the most common halide used. As known about ionic compounds, they exist in a crystalline form; thus, the silver halide grains made of silver ions (+) and halides ions (-) in a lattice structure. Despite the stability of the ionic bonds, there is some atoms and electrons moving throughout the structure. Now, physics starts. The energy levels in the grain differ by the concept of “electrons presence in the valence band and the conduction band






Colorful photography:

Blue, green, and red are the colors, which responsible for the colorful photos, combine resulting in the beautiful colorful photo, which is full of life. The emulsions to these primary colors are important in this process. Using a film contains three superimposed layers, each is sensitive to one of the primary colors. The color sensitivity of the film layer appears, as a result of silver deposition by the formations of a dye color, which is associated with the film layer color sensitivity. Next, silver and silver halides are removed from the three layers, and the image is color negative. With similar layered emulsions, the negative is, then used to print a positive copy onto paper.


Digital photography:

Cameras with no films; however, they have charge-coupled devices, CCDs, contain millions of minute light sensors in rectangular arrays pattern. With light exposure, an electric charge is produced by each sensor, then the enormous information is stored electronically as digital data in the camera.

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