Chemistry concepts behind hunger

Hunger is a chemical reaction, in which the cells in the hypothalamus, which is a small part of the brain that connects the nervous system to the endocrine system, are activated. The hypothalamus is located under the midline of the brain, behind the eyes, and it stimulates or inhibits many of the body’s processes, such as food and water intake, hunger, and thirst. Neurotransmitters within the hypothalamus are released in both hunger and satiation feelings, producing proteins. Neuropeptide Y, or NPY, and agouti-related peptide, also called AGRP are proteins that hunger, whereas the proteins that inhibit hunger are cocaine andamphetamine-regulated transcript, abbreviated as CART, and melanocyte-stimulating hormone, especially alpha-melanocyte-stimulating hormone. Several hormones in the blood secreted from the digestive system, involving lipocytes are in control of these sensations. For example, Ghrelin is a hormone that is made in the stomach and Insulin-like peptide 5, which is another hormone that mainly produced in the colon; these hormones work on stimulating hunger. Insulin and glucagon are two other hormones that can signal hunger. However, Leptin, Amylin, Insulin, Oxyntomodulin, and Cholecystokinin are some inhibitors of hunger hormones. Therefore, this balance of the nervous system and the endocrine system occurs while working together; one sends electrochemical signals, and the other controls cell signals based on hormone production and release form its organs.

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Recommended to read;

https://chem.ku.edu/sites/chem.ku.edu/files/docs/CHEM190/hormones_eating.pdf

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